Daim ntawv thov ntawm titanium thiab titanium alloys hauv Marine khoom
Titanium yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig marine. Kev siv cov titanium tuaj yeem txhim kho kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov nkoj thiab cov khoom siv, txo cov nqi tu, ncua kev pab cuam lub neej, thiab txhim kho kev zais. Cov tub rog Lavxias, Asmeskas, thiab Suav cov tub rog tau siv titanium hauv siab hulls, seawater pipeline systems, superstructures thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm submersibles, underwater submarines, nto nkoj, nkoj thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
1. Lub cev muaj zog
Cov qib titanium siv rau manned spheres ntawm cov dej hiav txwv tob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws feem ntau yog Ti-6Al-4V thiab Ti-6Al-4VELI (raws li qib hauv tsev TC4 thiab TC4ELI). Ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej hiav txwv sib sib zog nqus tau ua los ntawm cov hlau nyob rau theem pib, tab sis titanium tau siv rau hauv theem tom qab, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav, nce qhov tob tob, thiab txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam. Piv txwv li: ① American Alvin submersible tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1964 siv HYl00 high-strength steel (phaj tuab 33.8 hli) nrog qhov tob tob ntawm 2000 m. Thaum nws tau rov tsim dua xyoo 1973, lub siab lub cev tau hloov nrog titanium alloy (phaj tuab 49 hli), thiab qhov tob tob tob nce mus rau 3600 m. Nws lub thawv pabcuam thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab siab kuj siv Ti-6Al-4VELI; ② Nyiv lub "Deepsea 2000" manned spherical plhaub yog ua los ntawm cov hlau, thiab titanium tau siv los npaj cov manned spherical plhaub thaum "Deepsea 6500" tau tsim los ua kom qhov tob tob tob.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm submarine siab hulls, Russia yog thawj zaug siv titanium. Tam sim no nws yog lub teb chaws nrog cov thev naus laus zis tshaj plaws thiab paub tab hauv ntiaj teb los siv titanium los tsim cov khoom siv siab. Qhov tsuas yog qib titanium siv nyob rau hauv nws tag nrho-titanium nuclear submarine manufacturing yog IIT-3B titanium alloy (suav nrog qib TA17). Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Tuam Tshoj kuj nyiam siv cov ntaub ntawv titanium thaum tsim cov submarines, thiab cov qhab nia tseem ceeb hauv TA17, TC4, TC4ELI, TC11, titanium ntshiab, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau lub teb chaws tam sim no tab tom tsim cov tub rog sib sib zog nqus submersibles thiab cov cuab yeej sib sib zog nqus titanium thiab khoom siv. Lub "Struggler" tag nrho-seamanned submersible ua nyob rau hauv Suav teb tau ua tiav qhov tob tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb dej hiav txwv-Mariana Trench thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 10, 2020, nrog qhov tob ntawm 10,909 m, paub txog cov neeg Suav txoj kev npau suav tob hauv hiav txwv. Manned spherical plhaub khoom ntawm lub submersible yog ib tug high-strength, high-toughness puas puas-tolerant titanium alloy tsim los ntawm Baoti Co., Ltd.; Tuam Tshoj tau pib tsim cov khoom siv titanium sib sib zog nqus.
2. Seawater pipeline system
Seawater pipeline system yog complex thiab muaj ntau txoj kab uas hla. Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm seawater corrosion kuj, siab zog, thiab zoo qaug zog ua haujlwm. Titanium tuaj yeem ua tau raws li tag nrho cov kev cai no. Cov kav dej ua los ntawm titanium alloy muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub (carbon steel, stainless hlau, tooj liab alloy).
(1) Txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam, kom zoo ib yam li lub nkoj nws tus kheej. Russia piv cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm pipeline systems ua los ntawm ib txwm cov ntaub ntawv thiab titanium. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias titanium muaj lub neej kev pabcuam tib yam li lub nkoj, tsuas yog yuav tsum tau nqis peev ib zaug, thiab tsuas yog yuav tsum tau saib xyuas yooj yim thaum siv; Lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj li ntawm 2 txog 10 xyoo, thiab yuav tsum tau kho tsis tu ncua lossis hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsav tsheb ceev, ntau yam pob qij txha yuav ua rau lub zos corrosion. Raws li daim ntawv thov cov ntaub ntawv ntawm US Navy ships, lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm titanium piping yog 40 xyoo, thiab cov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm tooj liab-nickel alloy piping tsuas yog 6 mus rau 8 xyoo.
Tuam Tshoj tau ua pov thawj thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev siv "titanium alloy" los hloov "tooj liab alloy" los tsim cov kav dej hiav txwv. Tom qab TA2 titanium seamless kav, txhawb cov yeeb nkab fittings thiab titanium flanges muab los ntawm Baoti tau khiav mus rau ze li ntawm 3 xyoo, cov kav dej thiab cov khoom txhawb nqa tau muab tshem tawm thiab tshuaj xyuas, thiab tsis pom muaj qhov txawv txav xws li tawg, qhov thiab corrosion.
(2) Txo cov nqi. Txawm hais tias kev nqis peev ib zaug ntawm titanium alloy qhov chaw siab dua, kev nqis peev ib zaug tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev siv lub neej tag nrho, thiab tsuas yog kev saib xyuas yooj yim tsuas yog yuav tsum tau siv thaum siv, uas txuag nyiaj kho thiab tu cov nqi zoo heev. Cov raj tooj liab-nickel alloy siv nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub exchangers ntawm US Navy ships yuav tsum tau hloov li ntawm 97 km ib xyoo, thaum Gr.2 ntshiab titanium raj raug xaiv rau ob lub ntsiab seawater piping systems ntawm LPD17 amphibious dock thauj nkoj, nrog txog 1,000 cov kav dej thiab tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm ntau dua 3,350 m, txuag tau txog $ 17 lab tus nqi nyob rau tag nrho lub neej voj voog. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev siv titanium hauv cov kav dej tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog txo qhov hnyav, tab sis kuj ua tiav tib lub neej raws li lub cev tseem ceeb, thaum txo cov nqi. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, nws tau siv nyob rau hauv batch ntawm ntau hom marine khoom xws li lub nkoj 022 nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj.
3. Superstructure
Tam sim no, tseem muaj cov piv txwv ntawm titanium daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub superstructure ntawm domestic nkoj, xws li Ti70 (TA23) rau masts, TA5 thiab TA7 tuav rau radar kav hlau txais xov, thiab TA2 thiab TA5 daim hlau rau hangar tawv thiab ncej qauv. Lub US Navy kuj tau siv ntau cov titanium nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb superstructure cheeb tsam ntawm LPD17 amphibious dock thauj nkoj, uas txo nws cov loj li ntawm 50% thiab zoo heev txhim kho lub stability ntawm lub nkoj.
4. Daim ntawv thov hauv lwm qhov chaw
Ntxiv rau qhov saum toj no-hais lub siab hulls, piping systems thiab superstructures uas siv ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm titanium, muaj lwm qhov chaw ntawm domestic thiab txawv teb chaws marine khoom uas kuj siv titanium.
