titanium puas yuav khawb?
Hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam, titanium tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv nrov vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm cov khoom kim heev titanium rings mus rau siab - cov khoom siv dav hlau muaj tseeb, cov hlau no, sib txuas lub teeb thiab tawv, ua kom pom nws qhov zoo hauv ntau yam xwm txheej. Cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev cia siab siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov khoom siv titanium, tab sis lawv kuj tseem xav tsis thoob: titanium puas yooj yim khawb? Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav tob dua ntawm titanium lub cev lub cev, txheej txheem kho saum npoo, thiab cov xwm txheej siv niaj hnub.
Titanium lub ntuj hnav tsis kam yog los ntawm nws cov qauv siv lead ua thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov. Raws li kev hloov pauv hlau, titanium lub atoms yog teem rau hauv lub kaw ntom nti hexagonal siv lead ua. Cov qauv no ua rau nws muaj zog tshaj li cov hlau zoo tib yam -titanium ntshiab muaj Mohs hardness ntawm 6.5, ze li ob npaug ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel. Cov ntaub ntawv kuaj pom tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov qauv kev sib txhuam cov qauv, tsis kho titanium alloy cov qauv, tom qab withstanding 50N ntawm siab thiab zawv zawg qhov deb ntawm 100 meters, pom ib tug hnav tus nqi ntawm tsuas yog 0.003 mm³ / Nm, ho zoo dua kub (0.02 mm³ / Nm) thiab nyiaj (0.05 mm³ / Nm). Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, titanium reacts nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub los tsim ib tug ntom titanium oxide (TiO₂) txheej tiv thaiv. Qhov no nyias zaj duab xis, tsuas yog 2-5 nanometers tuab, zoo thaiv kev tiv thaiv sab nraud. Txawm hais tias cov khawb me me tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw, cov oxide txheej sai sai kho nws tus kheej, sau cov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm re{16}}oxidation thiab tswj qhov smoothness. Qhov no "tus kheej- kho" cov cuab yeej muab titanium ua kom zoo dua qub rau kev siv txhua hnub.
Kev nce qib hauv cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo txuas ntxiv txhim kho titanium qhov khawb tsis kam. Lub cev vapor deposition (PVD), dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, tuaj yeem tso pob zeb diamond-zoo li cov pa roj carbon (DLC) cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm titanium nto, ua rau cov tawv tawv nce mus txog 2000-3000 HV, nce qib ntawm cov pob zeb diamond ntuj. Kev lag luam hniav nyiaj hniav kub siv anodizing, uas ua rau 5-20 micrometer xim oxide txheej ntawm titanium nto los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrolytic, muab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub nplua nuj xim thiab tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. Ib qho kev sim ua los ntawm qib siab -end hniav nyiaj hniav kub hom pom tau hais tias PVD-kho titanium nplhaib tuav nws daim iav zoo li ci tom qab 2000 lub voj voog ntawm kev sib txuas txuas ntxiv hauv kev simulated niaj hnub hnav, thaum lub nplhaib kub nyob rau hauv tib yam kev mob pom pom tseeb khawb. Cov thev naus laus zis no tso cai rau titanium hnav tsis kam tiv thaiv cov kev txwv ntuj, ua tau raws cov qauv siab dua ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev.
Hauv -cov ntawv thov hauv ntiaj teb tiag, cov khoom siv titanium kuj ua rau pom kev hnav zoo heev. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, dav hlau cav hniav, nrog lawv cov titanium alloy Cheebtsam tig ntawm kaum tawm txhiab tus kiv puag ncig ib feeb, tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam los ntawm pob zeb thiab siab - kub kev sib txhuam, tseem tseem tuav lub neej ntev ntawm ntau txhiab teev. Cov chaw kho mob tau ua kom cov titanium ntau tshaj qhov khawb tiv thaiv- cov pob qij txha, tom qab micro- kho arc oxidation, muaj cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam txo qis qis dua 0.1, ua rau tsis muaj hnav txawm tias tom qab ntev - cog qoob loo. Rov qab mus rau kev lag luam hniav nyiaj hniav kub, cov neeg siv khoom tawm tswv yim qhia tias tom qab peb xyoos ntawm kev hnav, titanium rings ntshiab tsuas yog qhia me ntsis kev hloov pauv ntawm sab hauv sab hauv vim kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntev, thaum lub ntsej muag sab nrauv tseem zoo li tshiab, thaum lub nplhaib nyiaj hnav rau tib lub sijhawm twb tau npog hauv khawb. Cov piv txwv no tau lees paub titanium qhov kev hnav zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm ntau qhov kev xav.
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tseem yuav tsum tau them rau cov ntsiab lus hauv kev siv tshwj xeeb. Muaj zog acid thiab alkali ib puag ncig tuaj yeem ua rau cov oxide txheej, ua rau corrosion nto; Kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog ultra- cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj xws li pob zeb diamond thiab corundum tuaj yeem ua rau khawb; thermal expansion thiab contraction tshwm sim los ntawm huab cua hloov pauv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov qauv saum npoo. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov neeg siv khoom raug qhia kom zam kom tsis txhob khaws cov titanium hniav nyiaj hniav kub nrog cov khoom ntse, siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes tsis tu ncua thiab txhuam txhuam kom huv, thiab kom nws ua haujlwm huv thiab kho cov txheej txheem oxide tsis tu ncua. Los ntawm kev saib xyuas kev tshawb fawb, kev zoo nkauj thiab lub neej ntawm cov khoom titanium tuaj yeem ua kom tiav.
Los ntawm cov tshuab dav hlau mus rau ntiv tes cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, titanium hlau tau ua pov thawj nws cov kev hnav zoo dua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb thiab kev siv tswv yim. Cov khoom siv no, uas sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev lag luam muaj zog thiab kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, yog redefining tus qauv ntawm "durability" los ntawm kev hloov kho cov thev naus laus zis tsis tu ncua. Rau cov neeg siv khoom niaj hnub no uas ua raws li tus kheej thiab qhov zoo, xaiv cov khoom siv titanium tsis yog xaiv cov khoom siv xwb, tab sis kuj tseem xaiv txoj kev ua neej uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kev sim ntawm lub sijhawm -ib yam li cov titanium rings uas tseem ci ntsa iab tom qab siv ntau xyoo, ntsiag to ua kom pom qhov zoo tshaj plaws fusion ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev zoo nkauj, nthuav tawm cov lus cog tseg ntawm qhov tshiab tshiab nrog txhua yam hnav.
