titanium puas yuav plam nws cov luster?
Ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, titanium, nrog rau nws cov cim silvery- grey luster thiab zoo heev physicochemical zog, tau dhau los ua "cov khoom siv hnub qub" hauv high-kev tsim khoom, kev kho mob, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Los ntawm siab - qhov kub thiab txias resistant Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau mus rau kev kho mob implants, los ntawm siab - kawg saib rooj rau txhua txhua hnub chav ua noj, titanium yog ubiquitous. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg siv muaj lus nug thaum siv cov khoom siv titanium: qhov no zoo li "yuav tsis tau-fading" hlau poob nws cov luster dhau sijhawm lossis nrog kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig, xws li nyiaj thiab tooj liab? Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug no, peb yuav tsum txheeb xyuas titanium cov tshuaj ruaj khov, txheej txheem kho saum npoo, thiab cov xwm txheej siv tiag tiag.
Titanium's "anti{0}}fading" cov cuab yeej feem ntau yog los ntawm nws cov tshuaj muaj zog heev. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm, titanium nyob rau hauv lub thib plaub lub sij hawm, pab pawg neeg IVB, nrog ib tug outermost electron configuration ntawm 3d²4s². Qhov kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob no txhais tau hais tias titanium tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv xws li oxygen, dej, thiab acids (tshwj tsis yog hydrofluoric acid thiab kub concentrated sulfuric acid) ntawm chav tsev kub. Kev siv cov titanium ntshiab ua piv txwv, txawm tias tom qab xyoo dhau los ntawm huab cua, tsuas yog tuab titanium oxide (TiO₂) zaj duab xis, tsuas yog 2-10 nanometers tuab, yuav tsim rau ntawm nws qhov chaw. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no tsis yog tsuas yog pob tshab thiab tsis muaj xim, tab sis kuj ua "cov ntaub thaiv npog" los tiv thaiv cov pa oxygen ntxiv, yog li tiv thaiv cov hlau sab hauv los ntawm oxidation thiab corrosion. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, nyiaj reacts nrog sulfides nyob rau hauv cov huab cua los ua dub nyiaj sulfide, thiab tooj liab reacts nrog oxygen thiab carbon dioxide los ua ntsuab yooj yim tooj liab carbonate, thaum lub sij hawm oxidation txheej txheem ntawm titanium yuav luag "stagnation," yog li qhia tsis pom tseeb discoloration los yog poob ntawm luster.
Kev kho dua tshiab hauv cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo tau ua kom zoo dua "qhov ci ntsa iab" ntawm titanium. Hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no, kev kho saum npoo ntawm cov khoom titanium feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem xws li anodizing, lub cev vapor deposition (PVD), lossis electroless plating. Anodizing, los ntawm kev tswj cov voltage thiab electrolyte muaj pes tsawg leeg, tsim cov xim oxide zaj duab xis ntawm titanium nto nrog ib tug tuab ntawm kaum ntawm micrometers. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no tsis yog tsuas yog nyuaj heev thiab hnav- tiv taus, tab sis kuj qhia cov xim ci ntsa iab xws li xiav, ntshav, thiab kub los ntawm cuam tshuam cuam tshuam, thiab nws cov xim ruaj khov yog zoo heev; nws yuav tsis ploj txawm tias tom qab ntev - raug tshav ntuj los yog tiv nrog hws thiab roj. PVD thev naus laus zis, ntawm qhov tod tes, evaporates thiab tso cov khoom siv hlau lossis cov khoom siv ceramic mus rau titanium nto hauv qhov chaw nqus tsev, tsim cov txheej tawv tawv tsuas yog 0.1-5 micrometers tuab. Cov txheej no tsis tsuas yog txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm titanium tab sis kuj tseem ua rau nws lub ntsej muag ib daim iav -zoo li luster, thiab nws cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion yog qhov zoo tshaj rau qhov chaw tsis kho. Piv txwv li, high-end titanium watches kho nrog PVD tuaj yeem tuav lawv cov luster rau xyoo, txawm tias hnav txhua hnub.
Hauv kev siv tswv yim, titanium "tiv thaiv-glossing" kev ua tau zoo sib npaug. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig marine, titanium nkoj Cheebtsam thiab cov khoom siv dhia dej yog raug rau siab - dej hiav txwv ntsev rau lub sij hawm ntev yam tsis tsim pitting los yog xeb zoo li stainless hlau vim chloride ion corrosion. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, titanium reactors thiab cov kav dej tuaj yeem tiv nrog cov kua qaub thiab alkalis muaj zog; lawv cov oxide zaj duab xis zoo tiv thaiv corrosive media los ntawm kev nkag mus, khaws cia cov xim hlau. Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, titanium eyeglass thav duab, chav ua noj, thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, txawm tias muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov hws, roj, los yog cov tshuaj ntxuav, tsuas yog yuav tsum tau yaug nrog dej los yog so nrog cov ntaub mos muag kom rov qab zoo nkauj, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Yog lawm, yog tias qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom titanium raug kev puas tsuaj loj heev los yog raug rau qhov chaw corrosive heev xws li hydrofluoric acid rau lub sijhawm ntev, oxide zaj duab xis yuav raug puas tsuaj, ua rau lub hauv paus poob ntawm ci. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thiab tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev rov ua dua lossis kho qhov chaw.
Los ntawm siab - kub resistant Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau mus rau txhua txhua hnub titanium hniav nyiaj hniav kub, titanium, nrog rau nws cov inherent corrosion kuj thiab muaj peev xwm yuav ntxiv dag zog rau, sawv tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau rau nws "tas luster." Nws cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, txheej txheem kho saum npoo av, thiab kev siv dav dav siv txhua qhov qhia tau tias cov khoom siv titanium yuav luag tsis poob lawv cov luster raws li kev siv ib txwm muaj. Kev xaiv titanium tsis yog tsuas yog xaiv cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab, tab sis kuj yog hais txog kev xaiv qhov zoo nkauj ntawm lub sijhawm- txawm tias lub sijhawm dhau mus, nws tuaj yeem txhais tau qhov kev ua kom zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub thiab lub neej nrog nws cov nyiaj qub- grey luster.
