Vim li cas titanium daim hlau raug xaiv rau lub plhaub sab nraud ntawm lub dav hlau?
Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb loj heev, lub dav hlau ua haujlwm ua tus pioneers hauv tib neeg txoj kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm qhov tsis paub, ua rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab tiv thaiv cosmic hluav taws xob thiab micrometeoroid cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov chaw ib puag ncig, titanium alloy nplooj ntawv, nrog rau lawv cov cim kev ua tau zoo, tau dhau los ua "golden armor" ntawm spacecraft shells. Los ntawm satellite thav duab mus rau foob pob hluav taws roj tso tsheb hlau luam, los ntawm lunar lander shells mus rau qhov chaw sib sib zog nqus skeletons, titanium alloys yog ubiquitous. Vim li cas nws tau sawv tawm ua "tsuas yog kev xaiv" rau cov khoom siv dav hlau?
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws sib npaug ntawm lub teeb yuag thiab siab zog
Txhua lub dav hlau tso tawm yog tus nqi siab heev, thiab qhov hnyav ncaj qha txiav txim siab siv roj thiab lub peev xwm thauj khoom. Titanium alloy muaj qhov ntom ntawm tsuas yog 4.51 g / cm³, tsuas yog 60% ntawm cov hlau, tab sis nws muaj lub zog tshwj xeeb 1.3 npaug siab dua aluminium alloys thiab 3.5 npaug siab dua stainless hlau. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias, nyob rau hauv tib lub zog xav tau, qhov hnyav ntawm titanium alloy plhaub tuaj yeem txo qis. Piv txwv li, SpaceX's Falcon foob pob hluav taws roj tso tsheb hlau luam, siv titanium alloys, tsis tsuas yog txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Qhov "yuag txo qis yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo" tus yam ntxwv ua rau titanium alloys yog cov khoom tseem ceeb rau lub teeb yuag spacecraft tsim.
"Ob chav-Sided Shield" tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias
Qhov chaw ib puag ncig yog ib zaj dab neeg ntawm ob qhov siab tshaj plaws: qhov kub ntawm sab hnub ci tuaj yeem nce mus txog ntau pua degrees Celsius, thaum nyob rau sab ntxoov ntxoo lawv poob rau hauv qab -200℃. Titanium alloys muaj qhov melting point tshaj 1600℃thiab khaws lawv cov ductility txawm nyob rau hauv cov kua hydrogen ntawm -253 degree. Qhov "versatility" no ua rau lawv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv dav hlau sab nrauv. Siv lub lunar module ua piv txwv: nws lub plhaub sab nrauv yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias kev sib txhuam thaum lub sij hawm atmospheric reentry thaum tib lub sij hawm raug rau kub tsis tshua muaj kub ntawm lub hli. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kub tsis kam ntawm titanium alloys ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov qauv capsule nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, muab cov ntaub thaiv kev ruaj ntseg rau cov neeg caij nkoj.
Tus "Tus Saib Xyuas Tsis Pom Zoo" Tawm tsam Corrosion thiab nrog Lub Neej Ntev
Lub qab ntuj khwb yog sau nrog siab - zog hais thiab hluav taws xob, thiab ib tug tuab oxide zaj duab xis ib txwm tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm titanium alloys, zoo tiv thaiv corrosion los ntawm acids, alkalis, thiab ntsev tsuag. Nyob rau hauv marine atmospheric ib puag ncig, titanium alloys muaj lifespan ntau tshaj tsib npaug ntawm stainless hlau. Qhov no "tus kheej- kho" corrosion kuj ua rau txo qis cov nqi tu lub dav hlau. Piv txwv li, titanium alloy thav duab ntawm cov khoom siv satellites tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv qhov chaw yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntau zaus, yog li ncua lub neej ntawm tag nrho cov satellite system.
Kev sib tsoo hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev siv nyiaj kom zoo
Txawm hais tias titanium alloys raug qhuas tias "qhov chaw hlau," lawv cov kev ua haujlwm nyuaj ib zaug txwv lawv daim ntawv thov loj -. Hauv kev ua ib txwm ua, titanium alloys muaj cov thermal conductivity tsis zoo thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm siab, yooj yim ua rau cov cuab yeej hnav thiab workpiece deformation. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem siab heev xws li nyob ze -net- qauv tsim thiab laser additive manufacturing, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv cov khoom siv ntawm titanium alloys tau zoo tuaj. Piv txwv li, 3D tshuab luam ntawv tuaj yeem ncaj qha tsim cov txheej txheem titanium alloy cabin, txo cov nqi seem thiab ua kom luv luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov dav -span dov thev naus laus zis ntawm domestically tsim titanium alloy daim hlau tau ua tiav kev tswj kev tiaj tus rau daim hlau mus txog 4 meters tuab, ntxiv rau kev txhawb nqa dav dav ntawm titanium alloys hauv thaj chaw aerospace.
Yav Tom Ntej Outlook: Qhov "Deep Space Evolution" ntawm Titanium Alloys
Raws li tib neeg txoj kev tshawb nrhiav txuas ntxiv mus rau Mars thiab dhau mus rau qhov tob tob, qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv rau lub dav hlau tau dhau los ua nruj. Tshiab- tiam titanium alloys, xws li TiAl alloys, tau ua tiav kev khiav hauj lwm kub tshaj 1000 degree, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov tsheb hypersonic. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis rau titanium alloys tau tshwm sim, ntxiv dag zog rau lawv lub neej qaug zog thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tswj hwm microstructure thiab qhov chaw ntxiv dag zog. Nws yog qhov pom tau tias titanium alloys tseem yuav ua haujlwm ua "skeleton-zoo li cov khoom" ntawm lub dav hlau, txhawb tib neeg txoj kev taug mus rau qhov deb ntawm lub hnub qub.
Los ntawm lub ntiaj teb mus rau lub ntiaj teb, titanium alloy nplooj ntawv, nrog rau lawv "lub teeb raws li ib tug plaub, muaj zog li hlau" cov khoom, muab ib tug tsis pom kev armor rau spacecraft. Lawv tsis yog tsuas yog "tus phab ej" ntawm tib neeg qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav tab sis kuj yog ib qho pov thawj tiag tiag rau kev nce qib ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Nrog rau kev siv thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus, titanium alloys yuav txuas ntxiv sau cov lus dab neeg ntawm qhov chaw hnub nyoog, ua rau txhua qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub hnub qub muaj kev nyab xeeb, ua haujlwm zoo dua, thiab ruaj khov dua.
