titanium hlau yog dab tsi?
Keeb kwm ntawm titanium hlau
Titanium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg nrog atomic tooj 22 thiab cov cim tshuaj Ti. Nws yog cov nyiaj-dawb hloov pauv hlau nrog cov khoom zoo xws li lub teeb yuag, siab zog thiab corrosion kuj.
Kev tshawb pom ntawm titanium tuaj yeem taug qab rov qab mus rau xyoo 1791, thaum nws tau raug cais tawm thawj zaug ntawm cov ore dub hauv Cornwall, England los ntawm British chemist William Gregor. Nws hu ua "acid earth metal".
Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, Martin Heinrich Klaproth, tus kws tshuaj German, nws tus kheej nrhiav tau ib yam khoom zoo sib xws thiab muab nws lub npe hu ua "titanium" hauv kev hwm ntawm cov neeg loj heev los ntawm Greek mythology Titan.
Nrog rau kev tshawb fawb tob tob ntawm titanium, tib neeg tau pom nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv dav dav. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th thiab thaum ntxov 20th, daim ntawv thov ntawm titanium raug txwv vim muaj kev txwv ntawm kev npaj technology thiab cov nqi siab.
Nws tsis yog txog thaum xyoo 1940 uas cov tub rog Asmeskas tau pib tshawb fawb thiab tsim cov hlau titanium rau kev siv nyob rau hauv aerospace teb. Titanium yog dav siv nyob rau hauv aircraft, missiles, spacecraft thiab aerospace engines.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev npaj thev naus laus zis thiab thev naus laus zis ntau lawm, daim ntawv thov ntawm titanium hlau txuas ntxiv nthuav dav. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv aerospace, automotive, kho mob, tshuaj, marine engineering thiab kev ua kis las thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.
Niaj hnub no, Tuam Tshoj, Tebchaws Asmeskas, Russia thiab Nyij Pooj yog cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom ntawm titanium hlau. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam, kev lag luam titanium hlau tau qhia txog kev loj hlob sai.
Cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv ntawm titanium hlau
1. Lub zog siab, tsis tshua muaj siab (4.5g / cm3), super corrosion kuj, thiab lub zog yog thawj ntawm cov hlau. Lub zog ntawm titanium yog 3 npaug ntawm stainless hlau thiab 1.3 npaug ntawm aluminium alloy.
Vim titanium corrosion kuj, lub teeb yuag, thiab siab zog. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo xws li tsis tshua muaj siab rau tawg tawm hauv kev vibration loads thiab cuam tshuam loads, corrosion kuj, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 57% ntawm cov hlau tsuas yog siv dav hauv kev tsim dav hlau, ua rau nws nto moo thiab tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim dav hlau. Hlau.
2. Non-toxic, biocompatible, thiab zoo tib neeg affinity.
Xyoo 1980, qee lub tebchaws tsim kho tau pib siv titanium los kho cov hniav, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo heev. Taizai yuav tsis tsim kev tsis haum tshuaj thaum sib cuag nrog tib neeg lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity yuav txo cov thermal stimulation ntawm cov hniav pulp. Ntxiv mus, cov hniav ua los ntawm titanium yog yuav luag indistinguishable los ntawm ib txwm sawv daws yuav ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab kuj yog aesthetically pleasing. , nrog zoo gloss thiab hnav tsis kam. Yog li ntawd, nws dhau los ua cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau alloys hauv kev siv kho hniav.
Titanium hlau cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav. Vim yog biocompatibility zoo heev ntawm titanium hlau nrog tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg, nws yog feem ntau siv los tsim cov pob qij txha, xws li dag lub duav, dag lub hauv caug thiab dag lub plawv li qub. Tsis tas li ntawd, titanium hlau kuj tau siv dav hauv kev tsim cov pob txha cog, xws li pob txha daim hlau, pob txha screws thiab intramedullary rau tes, rau kev kho pob txha thiab kev phais pob txha.
Tib lub sijhawm, titanium kuj yog hlau tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej phais. Cov pa roj carbon steel thiab stainless hlau phais cov cuab yeej muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev kis mob thaum phais. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab siv cov cuab yeej phais mob titanium, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kis kab mob tsis tau tshwm sim dua. Thiab cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm titanium hlau yog nrov heev ntawm cov kws kho mob rau lawv lub zog, zoo, lub teeb yuag thiab zoo elasticity.
3. Stability, super corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv acid thiab alkali pa luam yeeb media
Titanium hlau qhia super corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv acid-base pa luam yeeb xov xwm, uas ua rau nws yog ib qho zoo tagnrho xaiv cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv chemical kev lag luam, marine engineering, khoom kho mob thiab lwm yam kev lag luam. Nws ruaj khov thiab zoo heev corrosion kuj tso cai rau titanium hlau kom muaj kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv huab ib puag ncig, ncua lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov khoom thiab txo nqi txij nkawm. Titanium kuj tseem siv dav hauv roj av refining, ua kom zoo dua ntawm titanium kev ruaj ntseg. Piv txwv li, titanium yog siv nyob rau hauv tshav kub exchangers, distillers, high-pressure hlab ntsha, thiab lwm yam.
4. Lub cim xeeb muaj nuj nqi
Nyob rau hauv qee qhov kub thiab txias, titanium tuaj yeem ua rau cov yas deformation. Raws li qee qhov kub thiab txias, nws tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau nws cov duab yav dhau los. Piv txwv li, yog tias nws tau ua rau hauv cov hlau alloy, txawm tias nws yog kneaded rau hauv lub pob, nws yuav rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub qub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv titanium-nickel alloy steel rings rau poj niam ris tsho hauv qab. Txawm hais tias nws yog ntxuav los ntawm tes los yog tshuab, nws yuav tsis deform thiab yuav tsis ua xua thiab khaus khaus.
Cov ntsiab lus
Zuag qhia tag nrho, titanium hlau daim ntawv thov kev kho mob npog ntau lub teb, thiab nws cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim ntau yam khoom siv kho mob thiab cog qoob loo. Kev siv cov titanium hlau thoob plaws hauv zej zog kev kho mob tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho cov teebmeem kev kho mob, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho cov neeg mob lub neej zoo.
