Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem koom nrog hauv melting thiab casting ntawm titanium ingots?
Lub melting thiab casting txheej txheem ntawm titanium ingots mas suav nrog ntau theem xws li refining raw khoom, refining, pwm npaj, bundling electrodes, smelting, casting, txias, thiab tu. Cov hauv qab no yog peb txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm titanium ingot melting thiab casting txheej txheem: batching, bundling electrodes, thiab casting introduction:
1. Refining raw khoom:
Lub melting thiab casting txheej txheem ntawm titanium ingots pib nrog refining raw cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau hais lus, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yog titanium ores, xws li rutile, ilmenite, thiab lwm yam. Cov ores no yuav tsum tau mus dhau cov txheej txheem xws li ore beneficiation thiab crushing kom rho tawm titanium dioxide (TiO2) nrog ntau dua purity.
Cov titanium dioxide tau txais yog refined rau hauv high-purity chlorinated titanate los ntawm txoj kev xws li cua, hnyav los yog tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov txheej txheem no tseem muaj kev sib cais, kev ua kom huv thiab tshuaj lom neeg los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom kawg muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom huv. Titanium alloy txiav txim qhov feem ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy raws li cov hauv qab no:
(1) Qhov tso cai hloov pauv ntau yam ntawm cov hlau alloy thiab cov ntsiab lus impurity thiab qhov pom muaj pes tsawg leeg xav tau rau cov hlau kom tau txais kev ua haujlwm zoo;
(2) Smelting txoj kev thiab tus naj npawb ntawm smelting lub sij hawm;
(3) Qhov kub poob tus nqi thiab evaporation tus nqi ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy thaum lub tshuab nqus tsev smelting txheej txheem;
(4) Cov txheej txheem ntxiv thiab lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy.
Feem ntau hais lus, rau cov ntsiab lus uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov poob qis thiab qhov yooj yim volatilization, lawv cov khoom siv feem ntau yuav tsum nyob ze lossis tshaj qhov txwv, thaum lub ntsiab lus uas tsis tshua muaj volatilization poob, lawv cov proportions yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua. ntau.
2. Inhibition ntawm electrode blocks
Kev npaj pwm:
Pwm npaj hais txog kev npaj pwm rau casting, piv txwv li cov duab kawg ntawm titanium ingot. Feem ntau, qhov no suav nrog kev siv cov xuab zeb tshwj xeeb pwm lossis lwm yam khoom siv kub-resistant los npaj cov pwm tsim nyog rau cov duab ntawm cov khoom kawg. Cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau electrodes hauv consumable smelting yog:
(1) Muaj zog txaus;
(2) txaus conductivity;
(3) Ncaj nraim;
(4) Cov ntsiab lus alloy nyob rau hauv electrode yog tsim nyog faib;
(5) Tsis muaj dej noo thiab muaj kuab paug.
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los npaj cov khoom siv electrodes: nias (tseem muab faib ua ntsug nias thiab kab rov tav nias) thiab extrusion (tseem muab faib ua kab rov tav thiab ntsug). Txoj kev siv ntau tshaj yog txoj kev tsuj.
Qhov ntom ntawm cov electrode thaiv yog cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv nias. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov ceev ntawm cov electrode thaiv yuav tsum ntau dua 3.2g / cm3 kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Feem ntau, cov xovxwm nrog lub siab ntawm 300 txog 500MPa yog siv.
Electrode los ua ke vuam yog sib sau ua ke thiab weld nias ib qho electrode blocks rau hauv electrodes ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau hla ntu thiab ntev rau consumable arc melting. Argon shielded plasma vuam, lub tshuab nqus tsev plasma vuam thiab electron beam vuam feem ntau siv hauv kev lag luam. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sib nqus tshwj xeeb, tungsten arc vuam feem ntau tsis siv. Lub purity ntawm argon roj rau vuam yog 99.99%.
3. Lub sij hawm txij thaum pib ntawm lub hwj chim mov mus rau qhov ua tiav ntawm tag nrho cov melting ntawm tus nqi (tshwj tsis yog rau cov khoom koov choj saum lub pas dej molten) hu ua tus nqi melting theem.
Nyob rau theem pib ntawm smelting, qhov tshwj xeeb tsis kam ntawm tus nqi tshiab ntxiv yog loj, cov electrodes yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog tus nqi, thiab tus nqi yog rhuab los ntawm lub tshav kub tsis kam ntawm tus nqi. Lub sijhawm no, cov tswv yim tam sim no me me tab sis kuj ruaj khov, thiab cov cua sov resistor dominates lub sijhawm no. Tab sis nws tsis kav ntev. Thaum tus nqi nyob rau hauv lub electrode melts mus rau peb "crucible molten pas dej ua ke", arc tshav kub yog generated ntawm lub electrodes thiab lub "crucible molten pas dej ua ke", cua sov tus nqi, thiab lub molten pas dej ua ke maj mam nthuav tawm sab nraud kom txog thaum peb electrodes txuas. "Big Melt Pool". Thaum lub sij hawm hloov los ntawm "crucible molten pas dej ua ke" mus rau "loj molten pas dej ua ke", vim hais tias ntawm qhov txo ntawm cov unmelted furnace cov ntaub ntawv, nws tshwj xeeb kuj yuav maj mam me me, yog li ntawd lub tshav kub ntawm lub cub tawg yuav maj mam txo; thiab lub arc cua sov ntawm lub electrode thiab "crucible molten pas dej" Qhov feem ntawm cov zis maj mam nce. Txog ib nrab ib teev los ntawm qhov pib ntawm melting, arc tshav kub ua tseem ceeb. Cov lus hais saum toj no "lub sijhawm hloov pauv" yog lub sijhawm tsis ruaj khov ntawm melting ntawm titanium slag siab. Ua ntej, vim hais tias qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab uas tam sim no dhau (electrode → crucible pas dej ua ke → unmelted furnace khoom → crucible pas dej ua ke → electrode) hloov nrog lub sij hawm; Thib ob, cov khoom siv saum toj no "crucible pas dej" feem ntau tawg mus rau hauv lub pas dej molten, ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov, Ua rau cov slag boil. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov "cov ntaub ntawv tawg-slag boiling" tshwm sim tsis zoo.
