Titanium daim txhuam cev ntau lawm txheej txheem

1. Titanium daim txhuam cev

Nws yog daim txhuam cev zoo li hlau titanium uas ua los ntawm cov hlau thermal txo thiab yog cov khoom siv raw rau titanium ua cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog muab rho tawm los ntawm rutile ilmenite thiab hloov mus rau ntau yam titanium alloy cov ntaub ntawv tom qab smelting thiab forging. Raws li qhov sib txawv purity, daim txhuam cev titanium tuaj yeem muab faib ua xya qib, ib mus rau tsib, nrog rau qib 0 thiab qib 0A. Cov ntsiab lus titanium nyob ntawm 98.5 txog 99.7. Qhov tsawg dua tus naj npawb, qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus titanium.

Qib kev faib tawm ntawm titanium daim txhuam cev feem ntau yog cais raws li nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, porosity thiab lub zog. Cov kev faib tshwj xeeb yog raws li nram no:

Raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab Brinell hardness, titanium daim txhuam cev cov khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua 7 hom (qib): MHT-95, MHT-100, MHT-110, MHT-125, MHT-140, MHT-160, MHT-200.

Raws li porosity thiab adsorption muaj peev xwm, titanium daim txhuam cev tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob qib: porosity tsawg thiab siab porosity. Low-porosity titanium sponge muaj breathability zoo dua, thaum high-porosity titanium sponge muaj thaj tsam loj dua thiab muaj peev xwm adsorption zoo dua.

Raws li qib zog, titanium daim txhuam cev tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau qib. Titanium daim txhuam cev nrog lub zog ntau dua tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau dua, muaj kev ruaj khov zoo dua thiab muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv deformation, thiab tsim nyog rau qee qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb lossis tsis tshua muaj kev thov. Titanium daim txhuam cev nrog lub zog qis dua yog tsim rau qee lub teeb thauj khoom lossis kev siv qis.

2. Titanium daim txhuam cev yog muab faib ua tag nrho cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ib nrab:

Tag nrho cov txheej txheem feem ntau suav nrog peb txheej txheem: chlorination refining, txo distillation, thiab magnesium electrolysis. Ua ntej, titanium-nplua nuj cov ntaub ntawv yog chlorinated thiab refined los tsim titanium tetrachloride, thiab ces titanium tetrachloride txo nrog magnesium kom tau titanium daim txhuam cev. Thaum kawg, electrolysis yog siv los txo cov magnesium chloride tsim nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam txo rau cov roj chlorine thiab magnesium rau rov ua dua.

Cov txheej txheem semi-txheej txheem ncaj qha yuav refined titanium tetrachloride thiab tsim titanium daim txhuam cev tom qab txo qis, tshem tawm cov chloride refining thiab magnesium electrolysis txheej txheem. Txij li thaum magnesium tsis koom nrog lub voj voog, tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem titanium daim txhuam cev feem ntau yog siab dua.

3. Cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim cov titanium daim txhuam cev:

Nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, ntau hom thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom pov tseg thiab cov khoom yuav raug tsim tawm. Feem ntau hais lus, thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov titanium daim txhuam cev, ob qho tib si gaseous pov tseg, xws li chlorine, hydrogen chloride thiab titanium tetrachloride, thiab cov khoom khib nyiab xws li halides yog generated. Feem ntau ntawm cov khib nyiab no yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo lossis rov ua dua tshiab kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej khib nyiab ntau yuav raug tsim thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov titanium daim txhuam cev. Cov dej khib nyiab no feem ntau muaj cov khoom siv xws li hydrogen chloride thiab titanium tetrachloride, uas yuav tsum tau kho kom tau raws li cov qauv tso tawm lossis cov qauv siv rov ua dua tshiab.

4. Secondary alkali ntxuav txheej txheem

Nws yog ib qho kev txhim kho alkali ntxuav desulfurization txoj kev, uas siv ob tug nruam scrubbers rau desulfurization. Nyob rau hauv thawj-theem scrubber, cov roj nyoos hu rau cov tshuaj alkali, ua rau cov roj-kua tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov sulfur dioxide reacts nrog hydroxide nyob rau hauv alkali tov los tsim thiosulfate. Feem ntau siv cov tshuaj alkali xws li sodium hydroxide tov (NaOH) thiab sodium carbonate tov (Na2CO3). Cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog SO2 + NaOH → NaHSO3.

5. Ua hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm caustic soda molten ntsev rauv

Nws siv lub tshav kub pauv ntawm cov roj combustion thiab molten ntsev los ua lub zog hluav taws xob los ntawm kub ntsev ntws ncig. Tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv ntsev yog rhuab mus rau nws cov ntsiab lus melting los ua cov ntsev ntsev, thiab cov thermal zog hauv nws yog khaws cia rau hauv cov khoom siv thermal. Lub thermal zog nyob rau hauv lub molten ntsev yog ces siv los tsim high-temperature thiab high-pressure chav, uas yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog. Thaum kawg, qhov seem kub thiab txias brine raug xa rov qab mus rau lub qhov cub ntsev ntsev kom cua sov kom ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm no ua rau caustic soda molten ntsev rauv ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ib puag ncig cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv uas tuaj yeem siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw, xws li hnub ci hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam.

6. Txoj kev kho mob ntawm kev lag luam ntsev kom qhuav plua plav
Txoj kev siv lub cev: Ua kom siv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsev thiab sodium chloride los ua cov kua dej txaus ntawm poov tshuaj nitrate. Tom qab txias, feem ntau ntawm nws yuav dhau los ua crystalline precipitate, thaum sodium chloride yuav nyob hauv niam cawv. , cais cov lim dej los ntawm niam cawv.

Cov txheej txheem tshuaj: Ua ntej yaj cov ntsev hauv dej los ua cov tshuaj, ntxiv cov nyiaj nitrate ntau dhau, cov nyiaj ions hnov ​​​​mob nrog cov tshuaj chloride ions los ua cov nyiaj chloride precipitate, tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov hydrochloric acid ntau dhau rau cov tshuaj kom precipitate nyiaj ntau ions, thiab lim. Thaum kawg, cov tshuaj lim dej yog rhuab kom tshem tawm ntau tshaj hydrochloric acid.

Chlorination pov tseg ntsev yog cov pov tseg tsim nyob rau hauv molten ntsev chlorination txheej txheem, feem ntau yog ntsev-muaj pov tseg thiab ntsev seem. Lub cim ntawm cov khib nyiab no yog ib qho khoom lag luam uas tsis tuaj yeem ntawm cov txheej txheem chlorination, thiab lawv cov khoom thiab cov khoom muaj feem xyuam nrog cov khoom siv chlorination raw khoom thiab cov kuab tshuaj siv. Cov kev kho mob ntawm chlorinated khib nyiab ntsev muaj xws li crushing, alkali cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lim xovxwm, precision filtration, ultrafiltration thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom tau txais thaum lub sij hawm kev kho mob yuav siv tau raws li kev pab. Piv txwv li, cov hlau-titanium slag tau los ntawm cov xovxwm pom tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv lossis cov khoom siv khib nyiab. Cov sodium chloride brine tau los ntawm ultrafiltration tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv raw rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj caustic soda los ntawm ion membrane electrolysis los yog ntsev ntsev yog tau tom qab evaporation thiab rov qab.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim txhuam cev titanium chloride tso pa roj kho qhov system thiab electrolytic magnesium exhaust gas kho system yog raws li nram no:

chlorination tail gas kev kho mob feem ntau yog kho cov roj khib nyiab tsim hauv chlorination Rhiav, uas feem ntau suav nrog cov roj acidic xws li chlorine thiab hydrogen chloride. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov purification thiab tso tawm cov roj pov tseg, lub kaw lus yuav ua cov tshuaj ntxuav alkali, hloov cov kua qaub rau hauv cov tshuaj ntsev los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab paub txog cov pa paug pov tseg.

Lub electrolytic magnesium tail gas kev kho mob feem ntau yog kho cov roj khib nyiab tsim hauv electrolytic magnesium rhiav, uas feem ntau suav nrog cov roj chlorine thiab magnesium vapor. Txhawm rau ua kom huv thiab tso pa tawm, lub kaw lus yuav ua cov plua plav tshem tawm, condense magnesium vapor rau hauv magnesium hais, thiab sau cov roj chlorine rau rov siv dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub kaw lus tseem yuav ua cov roj diffusion tswj kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tswj cov magnesium vapor uas tsis tau tshem tawm cov plua plav tawm hauv cov pa tawm hauv lub rhiav thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis mus rau ib puag ncig sab nraum lub rooj cob qhia.

Feem ntau, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim txhuam cev titanium chloride tail gas kev kho mob thiab electrolytic magnesium tail gas kho system nyob rau hauv cov khoom pov tseg sib txawv thiab txoj kev kho.

7. Daim txhuam cev titanium chloride tail gas kho txheej txheem thiab electrolytic magnesium tail gas kho txheej txheem:

Daim txhuam cev titanium chloride tail gas kev kho mob feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

Kev kho ntub dej purification: Ua ntej, cov pa khib nyiab yuav tsum tau kho los ntawm kev ua kom huv huv. Cov kauj ruam no feem ntau yog xa cov roj pov tseg rau hauv cov cuab yeej ua kom huv thiab txau nrog dej rau kev ntxuav. Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no, HCl thiab NaCl yuav yaj hauv dej, thiab TiCl4 yuav hydrolyze, ntxuav cov plua plav khoom rau hauv dej. Cov cuab yeej ua kom huv tuaj yeem siv cov tsev ntxhua khaub ncaws, centrifugal scrubbers, tshuaj tsuag nqus tsev thiab cov khoom ua npuas dej, thiab lwm yam.

Dechlorination: Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tshuaj chlorine ntxiv, siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov concentration ntawm chlorine. Thaum cov tshuaj chlorine concentration hauv cov pa tso pa tsawg, mis nyuj ntawm txiv qaub (Ca(OH)2) feem ntau yog txau, thiab cov tshuaj chlorine reacts nrog cov kua mis ntawm txiv qaub los tsim Ca(ClO)2. Yog tias cov tshuaj chlorine concentration hauv cov pa roj tsawg tsawg tab sis cov roj av ntim loj, NaOH lossis Na2CO3 feem ntau siv rau kev txau, thiab cov tshuaj chlorine yuav ua rau lawv ua rau NaClO, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj dawb huv. Yog hais tias cov tshuaj chlorine concentration nyob rau hauv cov pa tso pa yog siab, tab sis tus Tsov tus tw gas ntim me me, FeCl2 tshuaj tsuag yuav siv tau los nqus cov chlorine. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, FeCl2 eluent yog npaj los ntawm reacting hlau filings nrog HCl ua ntej. Tom qab elution, FeCl3 yog tsim. FeCl3 ntxiv nrog cov ntaub ntawv hlau thiab txo rau FeCl2 rau kev rov ua dua tshiab.

Cov txheej txheem electrolytic magnesium tail gas kho feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

Magnesium electrolysis: Electrolysis Rhiav yuav electrolyze magnesium chloride uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub rhiav txo los tsim magnesium thiab chlorine gas. Cov magnesium uas ua los ntawm electrolysis raug xa mus rau lub rooj cob qhia txo qis raws li tus neeg saib xyuas kev tsim cov titanium daim txhuam cev, thaum cov roj chlorine raug xa mus rau chlorination Rhiav rau kev tsim cov titanium tetrachloride.

Electrolysis thiab re-steaming tail gas kev kho mob: Lub electrolysis thiab re-steaming tail gas kho system yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm purifying thiab discharging acidic pov tseg gases nyob rau hauv lub magnesium electrolysis system thiab re-steaming rhiav. Cov kua qaub khib nyiab no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm chlorine thiab hydrogen chloride.

8. Cov pa phem yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm chlorination txheej txheem ntawm titanium daim txhuam cev:

Organic chlorides: xws li titanium tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, thiab lwm yam. Cov organochlorides no feem ntau lom thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig.

Cov tshuaj inorganic chlorides: xws li tshuaj chlorine, hydrogen chloride, thiab lwm yam. Cov inorganic chlorides kuj yog tshuaj lom thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau ib puag ncig thiab lom.

Lwm cov kuab paug: Qee lwm cov kuab paug yuav raug tsim thaum lub sij hawm chlorination txheej txheem, xws li phosgene (COCl2), uas kuj yog cov tshuaj lom.

9. Oxidation hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm daim txhuam cev titanium chloride tso pa roj kho system:

Feem ntau nyob rau hauv qee qhov kub thiab txias, cov pa oxygen hauv huab cua yog siv los oxidize titanium tetrachloride hauv cov pa tso rau hauv titanium dioxide. Tshwj xeeb, cov txheej txheem oxidation tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

Chlorine reacts nrog oxygen los tsim chlorate ions: Cl2+O2=2ClO3
Chlorate ions teb nrog titanium tetrachloride los tsim titanium dioxide thiab chlorine: TiCl4+2ClO3=TiO2+2Cl2+O2

Cov txheej txheem no yog ua tiav ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (xws li 600-800 degrees) thiab siab (siab li qub). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus catalyst (xws li vanadium pentoxide, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau ntxiv kom txo tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua kom lub zog thiab txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov tshwm sim titanium dioxide tuaj yeem rov ua dua los ntawm cov khoom lag luam, thaum cov tshuaj chlorine tuaj yeem rov siv dua hauv cov tshuaj chlorination.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov txheej txheem oxidation yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tej yam kub thiab siab tej yam kev mob, yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tej yam kev mob yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis tswj, thiab yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau lub recycling ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine nyob rau hauv lub tso pa roj kom txo tau cov nqi ntau lawm thiab ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug.

10. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys thiab titanium daim txhuam cev:

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys xa mus rau titanium thiab titanium alloys nrog cov khoom zoo heev thiab kev siv tshwj xeeb, xws li lub zog siab, siab toughness, corrosion resistance, high temperature performance, etc. Titanium sponge yog titanium alloy tsim los ntawm cov Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm titanium tetrachloride thiab magnesium. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov khoom siv high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys.

Tshwj xeeb, kev sib raug zoo ntawm high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys thiab titanium daim txhuam cev yog feem ntau xav txog hauv qab no:

Cov ntaub ntawv raw: Titanium daim txhuam cev yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov titanium high-end thiab titanium alloys. Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntxiv thiab kev sib tsoo titanium daim txhuam cev, high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys nrog cov khoom zoo heev tuaj yeem tsim tau.

Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm: Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys zoo ib yam li cov titanium sponge, uas yuav tsum tau muaj ntau yam smelting, ua thiab kho cua sov. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys yog ntau txoj hauv kev thiab sophisticated, xav tau cov kev xav tau siab dua thiab kev tswj xyuas nruj dua.

Daim ntawv thov teb: High-end titanium thiab titanium alloys yog siv nyob rau hauv aerospace, tub rog, petrochemical thiab lwm yam teb, thiab muaj ntau yam kev siv. Titanium daim txhuam cev yog tsuas yog siv los tsim lub zog siab, corrosion-resistant titanium alloy qhov xav tau hauv aerospace, tsheb thiab lwm yam.

Feem ntau, muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm high-end titanium thiab titanium alloys thiab titanium daim txhuam cev. Muaj qee qhov zoo sib xws ntawm lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, cov khoom siv raw thiab daim ntawv thov, tab sis hais txog kev siv tshuab ntau lawm, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab daim ntawv thov teb kuj tseem muaj qee qhov sib txawv.

11. Cov txheej txheem ntws ntawm high-end titanium purification yog raws li nram no:

High-purity titanium dioxide raug xaiv los ua cov khoom siv raw, thiab tus neeg sawv cev txo tau ntxiv rau kev kho txo.

Qhov txo qis titanium dioxide yog pickled kom tshem tawm impurities.

Tom qab pickling, titanium dioxide yog ntxuav nrog dej thiab qhuav, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv ib tug txo tus neeg sawv cev rau high-temperature txo.

Qhov txo qis titanium daim txhuam cev yog crushed thiab hauv av kom tau zoo particle titanium daim txhuam cev.

Fine-grained sponge titanium yog smelted ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev smelting tshuab yog siv los tshem tawm impurities thiab gases.

Tom qab refining, titanium daim txhuam cev yog txuas ntxiv nrum thiab tuag-cam khwb cia kom tau txais high-purity titanium ingots.

Siv high-temperature forging technology, titanium ingots yog forged nyob rau hauv high kub kom tau high-purity titanium cov ntaub ntawv.