Qhov txawv ntawm titanium anodes thiab zoo tib yam anodes
Nyob rau hauv cov toj roob hauv pes loj ntawm kev lag luam electrolysis, lub anode, raws li ib tug tseem ceeb tivthaiv, ncaj qha txiav txim siab efficiency, nqi, thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg ntawm tag nrho cov system. Ib txwm anodes, xws li graphite thiab txhuas alloys, ib zaug dominated vim lawv cov nqi qis thiab paub tab technology. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev lag luam xav tau hloov mus rau kev ua tau zoo dua, kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig, thiab kev ua neej ntev dua, titanium anodes, nrog rau lawv cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam txog kev lag luam, tau maj mam rov sau dua cov cai kev lag luam thiab dhau los ua tus hlub tshiab ntawm kev lag luam electrolysis.
Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm titanium anodes stems los ntawm lawv cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg. Siv kev lag luam ntshiab titanium raws li lub substrate, ib tug noble hlau oxide txheej (xws li RuO₂-IrO₂-TiO₂) yog siv rau saum npoo, tsim cov qauv sib xyaw ntawm "titanium substrate + active txheej." Qhov kev tsim no ua rau nws muaj peb lub peev xwm: Ua ntej, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm ib puag ncig tsis zoo- cov tuab tuab TiO₂ passivation zaj duab xis tsim rau ntawm titanium substrate nto tseem nyob ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov dav pH ntau ntawm 2-12, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv siab -salinity media uas muaj cov tshuaj chloride ions (xws li cov dej hiav txwv thiab cov dej hiav txwv uas nyob deb ntawm cov dej hiav txwv), zoo tib yam anodes. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub txias ntauwd system ntawm petrochemical enterprise, chloride ion concentration mus txog 3000 ppm. Titanium anodes muaj lub neej kev pab ntau tshaj 5 xyoo, thaum cov hlau anodes zoo tib yam tsuas yog kav 3 lub hlis. Qhov thib ob, electrochemical efficiency yog txhim khu kev qha -MMO txheej optimizes catalytic kev ua si los ntawm ib tug solid tov network qauv, txo cov pa evolution overpotential los ntawm 1.6 V mus rau 1.3 V, thiab txo cov kev khiav hauj lwm voltage los ntawm 30% nyob rau tib lub tam sim no ceev. Noj cov dej ntws tawm nrog kev kho lub peev xwm ntawm 100 m³ / h ua piv txwv, titanium anodes tuaj yeem txuag tau txog 21,000 kWh ntawm hluav taws xob txhua xyoo, txo cov nqi hluav taws xob los ntawm 20%. Thib peb, nws ua tiav qhov yeej- yeej qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam- cov txheej txheem electrolysis yuav tsum xoom tshuaj reagents, zam cov khoom siv corrosion los ntawm tsoos acid ntxuav thiab cov pa phem thib ob los ntawm cov nplai inhibitors. Tsis tas li ntawd, titanium substrate tuaj yeem rov qab siv tau ntau dua 10 zaug, ua rau lub neej luv luv ntawm ntau dua 60% piv rau cov anodes zoo tib yam.
Hauv kev sib piv rau cov anodes zoo tib yam, lawv cov kev txwv tau dhau los ua qhov pom tseeb hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Txawm hais tias graphite anodes yog tsawg- tus nqi, lawv yooj yim rau kev tawg, ua rau cov kab mob electrolyte, thiab muaj qhov ceev tam sim no tsawg (tsuas yog 8A / dm²), txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm ntau lawm. Lead alloy anodes, txawm tias muaj corrosion ntau dua - tiv taus ntau dua li graphite, muaj qhov tsis zoo, muaj lub siab nyiam rau tus kheej -solve, tsis tshua muaj kev ua haujlwm tam sim no, thiab cov hmoov txhuas yaj tuaj yeem paug cov khoom cathode, txo cov khoom zoo. High- silicon cam khwb cia hlau anodes, thaum txhim kho corrosion kuj nrog SiO₂ passivation zaj duab xis, muaj cov neeg kho tshuab tsis muaj zog, yooj yim puas thaum lub sij hawm thauj mus los thiab installation, thiab lawv cov zis tam sim no stability yog heev cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam. Cov kev tsis txaus no tau hais tshwj xeeb nrog titanium anodes-titanium anodes tsis tsuas yog ua tiav qhov ceev tam sim no txog li 17A / dm², ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau ob npaug, tab sis kuj ua tiav qhov tiag -lub sij hawm voltage thiab mem tes zaus hloov kho los ntawm kev txawj ntse tswj cov tshuab (xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm pH / ORP) kev siv hluav taws xob thiab pH / ORP 22%. Ib txhij, lub polarity switching muaj nuj nqi tiv thaiv anode passivation, kom ntseeg tau ntev -lub sij hawm ruaj khov.
Kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm titanium anodes yog ntxiv rau hauv lawv cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov ntsiab lus mob. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm electrochemical descaling, titanium anodes, los ntawm cov tiam ntawm active oxygen hom xws li hydroxyl radicals (·OH) thiab ozone (O₃) thaum lub sij hawm electrolysis, tsis tau tsuas yog oxidize thiab decompose organic scale xws li biological slime, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam lub CaCO₃ siv lead ua qauv, ua tiav ntawm lub cev removal scale. Tom qab nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob lub hauv paus cua txias system, condenser microbial paug tau txo los ntawm 90%, thiab cov scaling tus nqi poob los ntawm 3 hli / xyoo mus rau 0.2 hli / xyoo. Hauv kev lag luam chlor-alkali kev lag luam, kev taw qhia ntawm titanium anodes tau txhim kho cov tshuaj chlorine purity, nce alkali concentration, txuag chav rau cua sov, thiab ua ob npaug rau ib qho - tank peev, ua rau nws lub koob npe nrov ntawm "kev hloov kho thev naus laus zis loj hauv chlor-alkali kev lag luam."
Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv dav dav ntawm titanium anodes tseem ntsib teeb meem. Tus nqi siab ntawm cov txheej txheem hlau muaj nuj nqis (sau nyiaj ntau dua 70% ntawm tus nqi phaj anode) txwv lawv daim ntawv thov hauv loj - ntsuas dej; Ca(OH)₂ flocs generated nyob rau hauv lub cathode cheeb tsam ntawm siab - hardness dej yooj yim clog cov ntws raws, yuav tsum tau ntxiv mechanical filtration devices; thiab cov txheej txheem sol-gel txoj kev npaj MMO txheej yuav tsum tau tswj kom meej ntawm sintering kub thiab oxygen ib nrab siab, txwv tsis pub tawg los yog tev yuav tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev cov nyom no tau maj mam txo qis los ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis- kev txhim kho ntawm Mn-Co-Fe-O multi- cov txheej txheem oxide txheej, uas txhim kho kev ua tau zoo los ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj cov tshuaj doping, tau ua tiav cov haujlwm catalytic mus txog 90% ntawm MMO txheej; kev tsim cov titanium substrate- txheej txheej sib cais thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tau nce cov nqi hlau zoo rov qab mus rau ntau dua 85%, thiab titanium substrate nto regeneration tshuab ua rau ntau dua 10 rov siv dua, txo nqi ntxiv.
Los ntawm graphite mus rau titanium-raws li cov ntaub ntawv, los ntawm kev ua tsis tau zoo mus rau kev txawj ntse, cov keeb kwm rov qab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv anode tseem ceeb qhia txog kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab kev ruaj khov los ntawm kev lag luam kev vam meej. Kev nce ntawm titanium anodes tsis yog tsuas yog kev sib tsoo hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb tab sis kuj yog microcosm ntawm ntsuab thiab ntse hloov pauv ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm "dual carbon" lub hom phiaj, titanium anodes, leveraging lawv lub neej - voj voog tus nqi zoo thiab ib puag ncig tus yam ntxwv, yog nkag los ntawm siab -kawg electrolysis mus rau hauv paus industries xws li hwj chim, tshuaj, thiab cov kev pab cuam hauv nroog. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm tsis yog - cov txheej txheem hlau zoo nkauj thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam ncig, titanium anodes yuav dhau los ua cov kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam dej rov ua dua tshiab, ua rau kev lag luam electrolysis mus rau lub sijhawm tshiab tsis muaj kuab paug thiab ua haujlwm siab.
