Nto quenching ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau

Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev hloov pauv xws li torsion thiab dabtsi yog khoov, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam. Cov txheej txheej saum npoo yog raug kev sib txhuam, hloov pauv lossis kev sib chwv sib zog, thiab qee zaum cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, kis tau tus mob ncej, kis iav, thiab lwm yam. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom no muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua li cov tub ntxhais, yog li nws yuav tsum muaj zog dua, hardness thiab hnav tsis kam nyob rau hauv qhov txwv qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw ua hauj lwm, thaum lub hauv paus yuav tsum muaj cov yas txaus thiab hnav tsis kam. Muaj lub siab tawv kom tiv taus qee qhov kev siab. Impact load. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab txoj cai quenching thiab hardening cov ntaub ntawv hlau, cov txheej txheem deg quenching tau tsim.

Deg quenching yog ib qho tseem ceeb txhais tau tias kom ntxiv dag zog rau saum npoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau. Txhua yam khoom siv hlau uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws lub zog thiab hardness los ntawm quenching tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog los ntawm qhov chaw quenching.
Lub workpiece tom qab deg quenching kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm "cov tawv nqaij tawv tab sis cov tub ntxhais tawv", uas yog, tsis yog tsuas yog lub ntsej muag muaj lub siab tawv, lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam, tab sis kuj phim cov qauv tseem ceeb tau los ntawm kev kho cua sov ua ntej ntawm lub workpiece. . workpiece thiab muaj zoo toughness thiab qaug zog. Yog li ntawd, nto quenching yog dav siv nyob rau hauv industrial ntau lawm.

Surface quenching yog txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas siv cov cua kub ceev los ua kom sov lub workpiece saum toj no theem transformation point nyob rau hauv ib tug txwv qhov tob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, thiab ces txias sai heev kom tau martensite tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece. ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece.
Iav, cams, crankshafts thiab ntau yam ncej ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv alternating loads xws li torsion thiab dabtsi yog khoov, thiab yuav muaj kev sib txhuam thiab kev cuam tshuam. Lawv qhov chaw muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua li lawv cov cores. Lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov chaw quenching yog kom tau txais cov qauv martensite nyob rau hauv qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, thaum cov tub ntxhais tseem nyob saum npoo quenched (quenching thiab tempering lossis normalizing xeev), yog li tau txais qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog dua thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm qhov chaw. cov khoom, thaum cov tub ntxhais muaj ib tug tej yam lub zog, txaus plasticity thiab toughness, uas yog, lub nto yog nyuaj thiab cov tub ntxhais yog tawv.
Tsuas yog txhawm rau kom ncav cuag qhov ntsuas kub austenitizing sai sai nyob rau hauv qhov txwv qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, thaum lub hauv paus kub tseem qis heev, qhov kub siab thermal zog yuav tsum tau muab rau lub workpiece nto (feem ntau lub thermal zog ceev yuav tsum tau ntau dua. tshaj los yog sib npaug ntawm 102W / cm2) ua kom nws Qhov saum npoo yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub austenitizing, thiab cov cua sov ntawm qhov chaw txias dua ua ntej nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv cov tub ntxhais, ua kom cov tub ntxhais kub ntawm qhov kub qis dua.

Tsis muaj theem hloov hauv lub plawv no. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom sov sai no. Nyob ntawm qhov chaw tshav kub, steel nto quenching feem ntau suav nrog induction cua sov nto quenching, laser cua sov nto quenching, nplaim hluav taws kub nto quenching, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob cua sov, hluav taws xob tiv tauj cua sov, electrolyte cua sov, thiab lwm yam. ntau yam kev siv cua sov, xws li cua sov, plasma beam thiab iso-infrared tsom rau cua sov.

Txij li cov txheej txheem cua sov saum toj no txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv thiab kev txwv, lawv txhua tus tau siv rau hauv qee yam mob. Feem ntau siv yog induction cua sov nto quenching thiab nplaim hluav taws kub quenching. Laser beam cua sov thiab electron beam cua sov yog tam sim no tshiab high-zog-density cua sov thiab quenching txoj kev. Txij li thaum lawv muaj qee qhov zoo uas lwm txoj kev tsis muaj, lawv tau txais qee qhov kev siv.

Surface quenching is widely used in mechanical parts made of medium-carbon quenched and tempered steel or ductile iron with a carbon content of 0.4% to 0.5%. Since medium carbon quenched and tempered steel is surface quenched after quenching and tempering or normalizing pretreatment, it can not only maintain high comprehensive mechanical properties in the core, but also make the surface have high hardness (>50HRC) thiab hnav tsis kam. Kev ua tau zoo, xws li tshuab twj spindles, zog, diesel cav crankshafts, camshafts, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, muaj grey cam khwb cia hlau, ductile hlau, malleable cam khwb cia hlau, alloy cam khwb cia hlau, thiab lwm yam. Lub matrix yog sib npaug rau nruab nrab carbon steel nrog pearlite. thiab ferrite raws li lub matrix, thiab tuaj yeem nto quenched. Txawm li cas los xij, ductile hlau muaj cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj cov khoom siv dav dav tom qab deg quenching, yog li nws yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws.
Tom qab deg quenching ntawm high carbon steel, txawm hais tias lub deg hardness thiab hnav tsis kam yog zoo dua, lub plasticity thiab toughness ntawm cov tub ntxhais yog tsawg. Yog li ntawd, deg hardening ntawm high carbon steel yog tsuas yog siv rau cov cuab yeej uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus tej yam me me thiab alternating loads. Ntsuas cov cuab yeej thiab cov chais txias heev.
Cov nyhuv ntxiv tom qab deg quenching ntawm cov pa roj carbon tsawg tsis tseem ceeb, yog li nws tsis tshua siv.