Kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev txhim kho cov kab mob titanium alloy cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov thev naus laus zis

1 Kev Taw Qhia

Titanium (ti) thiab nws cov alloys muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ceev tsawg, lub zog siab, thiab tau siv hauv keeb kwm kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1940s, titanium thiab nws cov alloys tau xub qhia rau hauv kev kho mob. Tom qab ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, ntshiab titanium thiab Ti6A14V alloy, raws li cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws titanium-raws li cov ntaub ntawv kho mob hlau, tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub tsev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm orthopedics thiab kho hniav, hloov stainless hlau thiab cobalt-based. alloys nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, titanium alloy yog ib hom khoom siv roj ntsha uas tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev cog qoob loo. Tam sim no, magnetron sputtering, electrochemical deposition, ion implantation, micro-arc oxidation thiab lwm txoj kev feem ntau yog siv los thauj cov inorganic los yog organic antibacterial agents rau saum npoo ntawm kev kho mob titanium alloys, yog li muab lawv antibacterial zog. Qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tua kab mob uas tau npaj los ntawm kev hloov kho saum npoo yog qhov pom tseeb, tab sis tseem muaj qhov tsis txaus, xws li txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej txheej, nce nqi ntau lawm, kev sib raug zoo tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheej thiab cov substrate, hnav yooj yim ntawm txheej, thiab tsis zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev. antibacterial kev ua tau zoo tos. Nyob rau hauv teb rau cov teeb meem kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm implanted titanium alloys thiab tsis muaj antibacterial coatings, tib neeg tau pib sim tsim tshiab antibacterial titanium alloys nrog lawv tus kheej antibacterial functions los ntawm kev kho cov alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg.

2. Antibacterial mechanism ntawm antibacterial titanium alloy

Kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob yog ze ze rau kev tsim cov kab mob biofilms. Cov txheej txheem tsim ntawm cov kab mob biofilms yog pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 1. Planktonic cov kab mob loj hlob thiab sib npaug tom qab tsaws ntawm cov khoom siv matrix, tsim cov kab mob biofilm. Qhov saum npoo ntawm biofilm yog ib txheej ntawm ntom extracellular matrix. Cov txheej ntawm extracellular matrix no muaj cov qauv tsim thiab lub zog siab. Cov kab mob qhwv sab hauv yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo, uas txhim kho kev sib cuam tshuam thiab cov khoom sib pauv ntawm cov kab mob, thaum tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov khoom puas tsuaj sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, tom qab biofilm tsim, nws tsis yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lwm yam tshuaj sab nraud, yog li nws nyuaj rau kev tshem tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas nquag siv.

Daim duab 1 Cov txheej txheem tsim cov kab mob biofilm

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob titanium alloys tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub kauj ruam hauv qab no: ① Antibacterial hlau nto tso cov hlau ions nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob; ② Cov kab mob tsis zoo thiab cov hlau ions raug cuam tshuam rau ib leeg, thiab cov hlau ions tau nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob ③ Hlau ions rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa ntawm tes thiab cov cell membrane ntawm cov kab mob, los yog rhuav tshem lawv cov qauv protein, ua rau cov cytoplasm to; ④ Hlau ions txuas ntxiv nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm phab ntsa thiab ua ke nrog cov kab mob DNA, ua rau cov kab mob denaturation thiab tsis muaj peev xwm rov ua dua. Txawm hais tias nws yog kev puas tsuaj rau phab ntsa ntawm tes lossis cov khoom siv caj ces, cov kab mob yuav tuag.

3. Kev tshawb nrhiav kev vam meej

3.1 Ti-Ag antibacterial titanium alloy

Silver (Ag), raws li cov khoom siv alloying, tuaj yeem txhim kho corrosion kuj thiab cov khoom siv ntawm titanium-based hlau. Takahashi et al. pom tias ntxiv 20wt% Ag tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cam khwb cia titanium alloys thaum tuav lub siab elongation. Xim et al. Ua pov thawj tias Ti-Ag alloy muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo dua li titanium ntshiab. Ag kuj muaj biocompatibility zoo, thiab Ag-Hg alloy tau siv los ua cov khoom siv kho hniav. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo heev ntawm Ag-muaj cov txheej txheem tau lees paub los ntawm ntau cov kev tshawb fawb. Yog li, los ntawm kev ntxiv Ag tsim nyog rau titanium thiab nws cov alloys, nws muaj peev xwm tau txais Ag-muaj titanium alloys nrog qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias Ag cov ntsiab lus hauv qee cov Ti-Ag alloys siab heev, txawm tias ncav cuag 20wt%, lawv tsis pom cov kab mob tseem ceeb, qhia tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm Ag-muaj titanium alloys tsis tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm Ag cov ntsiab lus.

Zheng et al. ntxiv 2.9wt% Ag rau TiNi duab nco alloy, thiab cov cam khwb cia TiNi alloy tau pom qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov kab mob tua kab mob tiv thaiv Staphylococcus aureus mus txog 86.3%. Chen et al. siv Ag hmoov nrog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv rau sinter ua ke nrog cov hmoov ntshiab titanium kom tau txais cov khoom ntawm Ti-xAg alloys (x=1,3,5). Lawv cov khoom muaj zog, corrosion resistance, antibacterial zog thiab nyob rau hauv vitro cell theem Lub capacitance yog characterized thiab soj ntsuam. Raws li pom hauv daim duab 2, cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm Ti-Ag alloy nrog Ag particle loj ntawm 10 μm yog siab dua li ntawm Ti-Ag alloy nrog Ag particle loj ntawm 75 μm. Raws li txoj cai ntawm Ag ion tso tawm, Ti-Ag alloy nrog Ag particle loj ntawm 10 μm Lub ion tso tawm tus nqi ntawm cov hlau yog qis dua li ntawm Ti-Ag alloy nrog Ag hmoov particle loj ntawm 75 μm, qhia. hais tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob kev ua tau zoo ntawm Ti-Ag alloy yuav tsum zoo sib xws nrog nano/micron-scale composite silver particles tam sim no ntawm lub matrix.

Daim duab 2 Cov kab mob kab mob nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov ntshiab Ti thiab Ti-Ag alloy

3.2 Ti-Cu antibacterial titanium alloy

Xyoo 2009, Shirai et al. thawj zaug kawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm Ti-xCu(x=1,5) alloy. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias Ti-1Cu muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob tseem ceeb tiv thaiv E. coli thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb lom neeg zoo, qhib qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob tooj liab thiab Titanium alloys ua cov ntaub thaiv rau kev tshawb fawb cov khoom siv hlau. Tom qab ntawd, Zhang et al. siv hmoov metallurgy los npaj Ti-10wt% Cu alloy, thiab kawm txog cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob, cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov khoom siv corrosion ntawm alloy. Raws li pom hauv daim duab 3, Ti-10 Cu alloy yog tiv taus Staphylococcus aureus thiab Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli txhua yam muaj txiaj ntsig tua neeg. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev ntsuas intraosseous implantation ntawm Ti-10Cu alloy qhia tias Ti-10Cu alloy muaj cov pob txha zoo sib xws. Cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb ntxiv qhia tau hais tias ntxiv tsawg kawg 5% Cu rau titanium yuav muaj cov nyhuv antibacterial tseem ceeb. Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, lub koom haum ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Hlau, Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb tau tsim cov tooj liab-muaj titanium alloys nrog cov kab mob tua kab mob, thiab tau ua ntau yam hauv vitro thiab hauv vivo kev tshawb fawb tsiaj. Cov khoom solubility ntawm Cu hauv Ti yog tsawg heev. Thaum txias los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias mus rau 790 degree, supersaturated Cu precipitates li Ti2Cu intermetallic compound. Qhov muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm nws thiab cov matrix yuav txhawb nqa cov hlau kom tso cov lej ntawm tooj liab ions hauv ib puag ncig physiological. , yog li exerting ib tug muaj zog bactericidal nyhuv.

Daim duab 3 Cov nyhuv tua ntawm Ti-10Cu ntawm Staphylococcus aureus thiab Escherichia coli

3.3 Ti6Al4V-Cu antibacterial titanium alloy

Peng et al. ua tiav kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm thermally Ti6Al4V-xCu (x=4.5, 6, 7.5) alloy. Cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws, kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov hlau, cov txheej txheem kho cua sov zoo tom qab ua haujlwm thermal ntawm peb pawg ntawm cov alloys yog tuav ntawm 720 degree, 740 degree thiab 760 degree rau 1 teev thiab tom qab ntawd cua txias. Hauv daim duab 4, lawv tau sawv cev los ntawm 4.5Cu-720, 6Cu{18}} thiab 7.5Cu{21}} feem. Kev kuaj tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cytotoxicity kuaj tau ntawm peb pawg ntawm cov alloys tau pom hauv daim duab 4. Los ntawm daim duab 4(a)-(d), nws tuaj yeem pom tias muaj cov kab mob ntau dua tom qab kev sib koom ua ke nrog Ti6Al4V alloy, thiab tom qab ntawd co-culture nrog Ti6A14V-Cu alloy Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob kab mob me me, qhia tau hais tias cov tooj liab uas muaj titanium alloy muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Daim duab 4(e) qhia cov kab mob tua kab mob ntawm Ti6Al4V-xCu alloy. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov kab mob tua kab mob ntawm 4.5Cu-720 qauv yog li 80%. Raws li cov ntsiab lus Cu nce, cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov alloy nce me ntsis, qhia tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau zoo tuaj. Raws li pom tau los ntawm daim duab 4(f), thaum co-cultured nrog hlwb rau 1 thiab 3 hnub, qhov absorbance qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Ti6A14V-Cu alloy thiab Ti6A14V alloy tsis txawv ntau; tab sis ntawm 7 hnub, tus nqi ntawm 7.5Cu-760 yog qhov qis dua li ntawm Ti6A14V alloy, qhia tias nws muaj qee yam cytotoxicity ntawm 7 hnub. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias rau Ti6A14V-xCu alloy, Cu cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 6%, txwv tsis pub cov hlau yuav qhia txog qee qhov kev mob cytotoxicity tom qab ntev.

Daim duab 4 Ti6A14V (a) 4.5Cu-720; (b) 6Cu-740; (c) 7.5Cu-760; (d) Cov kab mob loj hlob morphology tom qab alloy co-culture; (e) Kev sib piv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm Ti6Al4V alloy; (f) Kev nqus qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlwb co-cultured nrog sib txawv alloys rau 1, 3 thiab 7 hnub