Lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv hlau
Cov khoom siv hlau muaj ntau lub cev tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv siv cov khoom siv dav hauv engineering thiab kev tshawb fawb.
1. Nws muaj xim hlau luster. Hauv lub neej, kub thiab platinum tuaj yeem siv los ua cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub vim tias lawv muaj qhov ci ntsa iab mus ib txhis thiab zoo nkauj.
2.Thermal conductivity
Lub thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom siv hlau yog hais txog lawv lub peev xwm hloov thermal zog ntawm ib sab mus rau lwm qhov. Lub thermal conductivity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau yog cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov qauv lattice thiab hluav taws xob conduction. Lub thermal conductivity ntawm hlau feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawm thermal conductivity. Tooj thiab txhuas yog cov khoom siv hlau nrog thermal conductivity zoo dua. Hauv kev siv tswv yim, cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov hlau yog dav siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsheb, kev tsim kho thiab lwm yam.
3. Kev coj ua
Cov conductivity ntawm cov khoom siv hlau yog hais txog lawv lub peev xwm nqa hluav taws xob tam sim no. Cov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm cov hlau feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm nws lub peev xwm los ua electrons. Hauv cov hlau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ntws mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem lattice, tsim kom muaj hluav taws xob tam sim no. Cov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm hlau feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawm conductivity, thiab nyiaj yog cov khoom siv hlau tshaj plaws. Cov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm cov hlau muaj kev siv dav hauv thaj chaw xws li kev xa hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov sensors.
4. Yooj yim
Lub elasticity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau yog hais txog lawv lub peev xwm deform thiab tso tawm lub zog tom qab raug quab yuam. Lub elasticity ntawm cov hlau muaj feem xyuam rau lawv cov qauv lattice thiab interatomic kev sib cuam tshuam. Thaum cov hlau raug lub siab los yog nro, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov atoms hloov, tab sis thaum lub zog tawm, cov hlau rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub. Lub elasticity ntawm hlau feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawm elastic modulus. Hlau thiab txhuas yog cov khoom siv hlau nrog zoo elasticity. Lub elasticity ntawm hlau muaj dav siv nyob rau hauv teb xws li mechanical qhov chaw, kev tsim kho thiab aviation.
5. ductility
Lub ductility ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau yog hais txog lawv lub peev xwm los ncab lossis compressed yam tsis muaj kev tawg thaum raug quab yuam. Lub ductility ntawm hlau yog feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov qauv lattice thiab interatomic kev sib cuam tshuam. Thaum lub sij hawm stretching txheej txheem, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm hlau atoms nce, tab sis cov bonds ntawm atoms tsis tawg. Thaum lub sij hawm compression, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm hlau atoms txo, tab sis cov bonds ntawm lub atoms kuj tseem nyob twj ywm. Lub ductility ntawm cov hlau feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawm elongation thiab compression. Tooj thiab kub yog cov khoom siv hlau nrog zoo ductility. Cov ductility ntawm cov hlau muaj kev siv dav hauv thaj chaw xws li cov xov hlau, cov kav dej thiab cov ntawv txheeb.
6. Ceev ceev
Qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom siv hlau yog hais txog qhov loj ntawm ib chav tsev ntim. Qhov ntom ntawm cov hlau muaj feem xyuam nrog lawv cov qauv atomic thiab inter-atomic kev sib cuam tshuam. Feem ntau hais lus, cov ntsiab lus hnyav dua muaj qhov ntom ntom dua. Qhov ntom ntawm cov hlau feem ntau yog ntsuas hauv grams / cubic centimeter lossis kilogram / cubic meter. Qhov ntom ntawm cov hlau sib txawv sib txawv heev, piv txwv li, kub muaj qhov ceev tshaj plaws thiab sodium muaj qhov ceev tshaj plaws. Qhov ntom ntawm cov hlau muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev tsim khoom, casting thiab buoyancy.
7. Hlau xim
Feem ntau yog nyiaj-dawb, ob peb yog golden daj, thiab tooj liab yog ntshav-liab.
8. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau
(1) Nws feem ntau yog khoom nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub (tsuas yog mercury yog kua).
(2) Feem ntau yog nyiaj-dawb (tab sis tooj liab yog ntshav-liab thiab kub yog daj).
(3) Cov hlau ntshiab yog silvery dawb thiab mos, thaum hlau hmoov yog dub.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov khoom siv hlau muaj ntau lub cev tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv siv cov khoom siv dav hauv engineering thiab science. Kev nkag siab thiab paub txog cov khoom siv lub cev no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim thiab siv cov khoom siv hlau.
