Lub cev thiab tshuaj muaj zog ntawm titanium
Lub cev muaj zog ntawm titanium
1. Ceev: Qhov ceev ntawm titanium yog 4.506 txog 4.516 g / cubic centimeter, uas yog sib dua li txhuas tab sis hnyav dua hlau, tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee.
2.Color thiab tsos: Titanium yog cov nyiaj-dawb hlau nrog ib tug hlau luster thiab zoo li cov hlau.
3. Melting point thiab boiling point: Lub melting point ntawm titanium yog hais txog 1668 ± 4 degree, thiab lub boiling point yog hais txog 3260 ± 20 degree, uas qhia tau hais tias titanium muaj zoo heev kub stability.
4. Latent cua sov ntawm fusion: Lub latent cua sov ntawm fusion ntawm titanium yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 3.7 thiab 5.
5. Latent cua sov ntawm vaporization: Lub latent cua sov ntawm vaporization ntawm titanium yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 102.5 thiab 112.5 kcal / gram atom, uas txhais tau hais tias ib tug ntau npaum li cas ntawm lub zog yuav tsum tau hloov cov kua titanium mus rau hauv lub gaseous lub xeev.
6. Qhov kub thiab txias tseem ceeb: Qhov kub tseem ceeb ntawm titanium yog 4350 degree, thiab lub siab tseem ceeb yog 1130 atmospheres. Qhov ntsuas kub tseem ceeb txhais tau hais tias saum toj no qhov kub thiab txias, txawm tias lub zog siab npaum li cas, cov kua titanium tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv cov kua hauv lub xeev.
7. Superconductivity: Titanium nthuav tawm superconductivity ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj siab, thiab nws qhov ntsuas kub tseem ceeb yog 0.38 txog 0.4K, uas tso cai rau titanium siv los ua cov khoom siv superconducting hauv qee cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
8. Thermal conductivity thiab hluav taws xob conductivity: Piv nrog rau lwm yam hlau, titanium muaj kuj tsis zoo thermal conductivity thiab hluav taws xob conductivity. Nws cov hluav taws xob conductivity tsawg dua li ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel, yog li nws tsis yog feem ntau siv hauv hluav taws xob conductivity.
9. Paramagnetism thiab magnetic permeability: Titanium yog ib qho khoom siv paramagnetic, thiab nws cov magnetic permeability yog ze rau 1.00004, qhia tias nws cov lus teb rau sab nraud magnetic teb yog qhov tsis muaj zog.
Titanium muaj plasticity. Lub elongation ntawm high-purity titanium tuaj yeem ncav cuag 50-60% thiab qhov shrinkage ntawm seem tuaj yeem ncav cuag 70-80%. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub zog tsawg thiab nws tsis haum rau kev siv los ua cov khoom siv. Lub xub ntiag ntawm impurities hauv titanium muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau nws cov khoom siv tshuab. Hauv particular, interstitial impurities (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon) tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog ntawm titanium thiab txo nws cov plasticity. Cov khoom zoo ntawm titanium raws li cov khoom siv tau ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus tsis huv uas tsim nyog thiab ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloy.
Titanium Chemical Properties
1. Kev Ua Haujlwm: Titanium yog ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hlau, tab sis nws yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur thiab lwm yam tsis yog hlau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los tsim cov tebchaw.
2. Oxidation xeev: Lub ntsiab oxidation lub xeev ntawm titanium yog +4. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qee qhov sib xyaw, +3, +2 thiab lwm lub xeev oxidation, +4 oxidation xeev ntawm titanium yog qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws.
3. Cov pa oxygen: Dazai tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog oxygen ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los ua titanium oxide, uas yog cov khoom dawb. Cov ntaub ntawv ore ntau yog rutile thiab rutile.
4. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog nitrogen: titanium tuaj yeem ua rau muaj nitrogen los ua titanium nitride, cov khoom siv tawv heev uas feem ntau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheej thiab cov cuab yeej txiav.
5. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv halogens: Titanium tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj fluorine, chlorine, bromine, thiab iodine los tsim cov halides sib xws. Cov halides no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qee cov ntawv thov kev lag luam.
6. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid: Cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv oxide ruaj khov yog tsim rau saum npoo ntawm titanium, ua rau nws tiv taus corrosion heev. Qhov no ua rau titanium ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive thiab yog li siv dav hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj.
7. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog alkali: Titanium muaj corrosion kuj zoo rau alkali. Nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev mob alkaline, oxide zaj duab xis yuav raug tsim rau ntawm titanium nto los tiv thaiv cov hlau nto ntawm kev yaig ntxiv.
8. Alloy tsim: Titanium tuaj yeem tsim cov alloys nrog ntau lub ntsiab lus, suav nrog hlau, txhuas, vanadium, tooj liab, thiab lwm yam. Cov alloys feem ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siab, corrosion kuj thiab hnav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog dav siv hauv aerospace thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov khoom ntawm titanium muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo heev rau qhov kub, nws daim ntawv, thiab purity. Nti metallic titanium yog qhov ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qhov, tab sis hmoov titanium tuaj yeem ua rau kev sib txuas hauv huab cua. Lub xub ntiag ntawm impurities nyob rau hauv titanium ho cuam tshuam lub cev, tshuaj, mechanical zog thiab corrosion kuj ntawm titanium. Tshwj xeeb, qee qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov titanium lattice thiab cuam tshuam rau ntau yam khoom ntawm titanium. Titanium muaj tshuaj lom neeg tsawg heev ntawm chav tsev kub thiab tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog ob peb yam khoom xws li hydrofluoric acid. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kub nce, cov haujlwm ntawm titanium nce sai heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias, titanium tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam khoom. Cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm titanium feem ntau yog ua tiav ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 800 degree, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib qho chaw inert.
Titanium plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam thiab thev naus laus zis vim nws cov khoom siv tshuaj zoo heev. Nws cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion, kub ruaj khov thiab muaj peev xwm tsim cov alloys nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau daim ntawv thov.
