Yuav ua li cas txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm nickel alloys
Nyob rau hauv siab-kawg tsim teb xws li aerospace, lub zog thiab lub zog, thiab tshuaj engineering, npib tsib xee alloys tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov khoom tseem ceeb vim lawv zoo heev - kub lub zog, corrosion kuj, thiab qaug zog kuj. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev xav tau ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev ua haujlwm hnyav, yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov nickel alloys los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua kom zoo, txheej txheem kev tsim kho tshiab, thiab kev kho saum npoo tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb rau kev siv technology hauv kev lag luam.
Composition optimization yog txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm nickel alloys. Nickel matrix cov ntsiab lus muab lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau cov hlau los ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog, thaum ntxiv cov ntsiab lus xws li chromium, molybdenum, thiab tungsten ho txhim kho nws cov oxidation thiab corrosion kuj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm aero- cav turbine hniav, los ntawm kev ua kom cov ntsiab lus rhenium thiab optimizing aluminium-titanium ratio, ib tug uniformly faib 'theem (Ni3 (Al, Ti)) ntxiv dag zog rau theem yuav tsim, nce lub siab - kub lub zog ntawm ib tug -crystal superalloy. DD9 los ntawm 30% thiab tswj cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg siab tshaj 1000 degree. Hauv cov tshuaj hydrogenation reactors, kho qhov sib piv ntawm npib tsib xee, chromium, thiab molybdenum tso cai rau kev txhim kho cov hlau tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 400-500℃thiab siab ntawm kaum tawm megapascals, txuas ntxiv cov cuab yeej siv lub neej thaum txo tus nqi kho.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siab tshaj muab kev txhawb nqa rau kev ua tiav hauv nickel alloy kev ua tau zoo. Hmoov metallurgy, los ntawm atomization hmoov npaj thiab kub isostatic nias, tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv hlau nrog cov nplej zoo thiab cov qauv microstructure. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv aero- cav turbine disks, siv cov hmoov superalloys es tsis txhob ntawm cov tsoos wrought alloys txhim kho qaug zog tiv thaiv los ntawm 50%, ua rau lub cav GE9X kom ua tiav lub siab tshiab - rau - qhov hnyav piv. Kev tsim khoom siv ntxiv (3D luam ntawv) thev naus laus zis, dhau los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm kev luam ntawv tsis zoo, ua rau kev ua kom sai sai ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej txheem thaum ua kom zoo tshaj cov nplej thiab txhawb cov theem kev faib tawm. Lub tuam txhab siv cov thev naus laus zis no tau tsim cov roj turbine combustion chamber tivthaiv uas tswj cov txheej txheem kev ncaj ncees ntawm 1200 degree, ua kom pom 40% kev ua tau zoo dua qub txheej txheem casting.
Kev kho cua sov yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov microstructure ntawm nickel alloys. Kev kho mob muaj xws li cua sov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias kom tag nrho yaj cov ntsiab lus alloying, ua raws li cov cua txias sai heev los tsim cov tshuaj supersaturated, nteg lub hauv paus rau cov kev kho mob ntxiv. Kev laus kev kho mob, ntawm qhov tod tes, txhawb kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov theem precipitated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab kub tej yam kev mob, tsim ib tug dispersed strengthening qauv. Noj NAS600 npib tsib xee alloy ua piv txwv, kev daws teeb meem ntawm 1020℃ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem kev laus ob zaug ntawm 650℃tso cai rau cov khoom kom muaj zog ntawm 800 MPa ntawm 650 degree, thaum tib lub sijhawm txhim kho creep resistance los ntawm 25%. Hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm SUH330 npib tsib xee alloy, kev kho super daws teeb meem ntawm 1150-1200℃ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem kev laus ntawm 750℃tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab thiab ua kom zoo ntawm cov qoob loo ciam teb, txuas ntxiv lub neej qaug zog hauv qab rov ua dua mus rau ntau dua 10⁷ cycles.
Nto kho tshuab muab qhov kawg lav rau kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm nickel alloys. Nitriding kev kho mob tuaj yeem tsim cov txheej txheej nitrided nrog lub hardness txog li 1200 HV ntawm cov khoom nto, txhim kho kev hnav tsis kam. Txau cov txheej txheem ceramic tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv thermal, txo qhov kub ntawm lub substrate los ntawm 150-200℃thiab txuas ntxiv siab - kub kev pab cuam lub neej. Hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, plasma txau tshuab yog siv los tso cov alumina coatings, txo cov corrosion ntawm cov khoom los ntawm 90% nyob rau hauv 360℃siab - qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig. Lub tuam txhab petrochemical tau ua tiav cov khoom siv tu lub voj voog txij li 2 xyoos mus rau 5 xyoos los ntawm kev txau cov nickel-based tungsten carbide txheej rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm cov nickel alloy reactor, txuag ntau tshaj li ib lab yuan hauv txhua xyoo kev tu tus nqi ib chav tsev.
Los ntawm molecular- theem tswj kev tsim qauv rau nanoscale tswj cov txheej txheem kev npaj, los ntawm kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho cua sov tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm nthuav dav ntawm kev hloov kho saum npoo av, ua tiav cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm nickel alloys tau tsim. Nrog rau kev ua tiav tas mus li hauv kev txiav-ntug thev naus laus zis xws li ib qho - ua kom zoo nkauj ua kom zoo nkauj thiab kev taw qhia, cov nickel alloys tau tawg los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, txav mus rau qhov kub siab dua, muaj zog dua, thiab qhov chaw corrosion hnyav dua. Qhov kev hloov kho dua tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv no tsis yog tsuas yog muab kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom siab- kawg nkaus xwb, tab sis tseem txhawb kev hloov pauv thiab hloov kho tag nrho cov kev lag luam rau kev ua tau zoo, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev cog qoob loo.
